Too many educators assume that the reading, writing, speaking, and thinking skills students develop in elementary school are sufficient for the sophisticated learning tasks they face in middle and high school. The result? Disappointing test scores, high dropout rates, and students unprepared for higher education, citizenship, and the world of work.

Coauthor Judith Irvin outlines some of the key action steps secondary school leaders can take to implement a literacy action plan to improve students' literacy and learning, including supporting teachers to improve literacy instruction, using data to make curricular decisions, and building capacity for shared leadership.

This interview was conducted by ASCD project manager and staff writer Rick Allen.